"For some industries with overcapacity, high energy consumption and high pollution, there is no need to worry too much about their predicament. The economy must be transformed to allow a certain rate of elimination." Xu Jianfeng, director of the Economic Institute of Zhejiang Academy of Social Sciences However, it is not recognized by Zheng Yuanbao, president of the Zhejiang Electric Industry Association. He admits, "At present, there are difficulties in the survival of small and medium-sized enterprises. To achieve transformation and upgrading, we must rely on relevant policy support. Otherwise, economic development may lose vitality." p>

In the near future, the author went deep into the investigations of Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and other provinces and found that the impact of “three shortages” (money shortage, power shortage, labor shortage) and “three highs (high price, high tax burden, high cost)” Under the circumstance, many coastal S As the most active cell in the national economy and the market economy that absorbs the most employment, SMEs should generally pay sufficient attention to the survival test.

In the interview with the author, Lin Jinchang, deputy director of the Shishi City Commercial Bureau of Quanzhou, Fujian, said that the benign economic environment should not make the small and medium-sized enterprises of the concentration industry more and more tired. "Because of rising raw material prices and difficulties in financing, etc. In the predicament of survival, government departments can introduce targeted measures to help enterprises tide over the difficulties, and appropriately adjust the layout of industrial planning to guide small and medium-sized enterprises to achieve long-term development in transformation and upgrading."

"Fake closure, true stop"

The author's research found that although it is premature to assert that the “stagnation tide” of coastal SMEs is too early, due to multiple factors, some enterprises have actually been in a state of “fake closures and real lockouts”.

In the Pearl River Delta region, many companies are basically in the state of “simple production” because of “no profit from orders”. In the Buji District of Shenzhen, a person in charge of foreign trade OEM said that in the past year, it can process hundreds of thousands of garments. The output in the first half of this year was less than 5,000. "Now it is not enough to order. It doesn't work at all. Once the device is stopped and restarted, it may not be available."

In Zhejiang Province, where the Yangtze River Delta region is located, the survival dilemma of SMEs is still spreading. Wenzhou currently has about 360,000 SMEs, 20% of which are in a semi-stop or downtime. The author saw in the workshop of Zhejiang Kangerle Electronics Co., Ltd. that this small enterprise with annual sales of about 10 million yuan only started the load of 60%. Zhou Dewen, president of the Wenzhou SME Investment Promotion Association, said: "According to the current trend, 40% of coastal SMEs may stop or semi-stop after the Spring Festival next year."

Some SMEs facing a crisis of survival have begun to turn away from their main business. The latest visits to more than 1,700 foreign trade companies by the General Office of the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Commerce show that about 20% of the company's main business profits account for less than 20% of the total profit, showing the phenomenon of “marginalization of the main business”. Many economic circles believe that it is necessary to be wary of small and medium-sized enterprises turning to the investment field in the face of difficult industrial operations, resulting in damage to the national economic foundation.

The author's survey found that from the perspective of enterprise scale, the current "survival crisis" is most prominent in small and medium-sized enterprises with a business income of less than 20 million yuan, employees below 200 employees, and most large and medium-sized enterprises with strong financing and innovation capabilities. The business is in good condition.

The relevant person in charge of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress Financial and Economic Committee said that from January to May this year, Zhejiang's industrial enterprises above designated size achieved a year-on-year increase of 33.7%, but the profits were mainly concentrated in large enterprise groups. Zhang Wen, director of the Guangdong Provincial Small and Medium Enterprises Bureau, said that the added value of small and medium-sized enterprises in Guangdong Province maintained double-digit growth from January to May, and the added value exceeded the provincial average by 11%. “This shows that most of the shutdowns are Small businesses, small businesses, they have little impact on overall output value."

Four types of small and medium-sized enterprises are trapped in the "swamp"

According to the author's visits in the three coastal provinces, many business owners believe that they are currently facing the "most difficult survival period in history." According to the type of business, the four types of enterprises are currently under the greatest pressure:

One, "raw material dependent companies." Zhao Liwen, deputy general manager of Liuqing Tianyin Alloy Technology Co., Ltd. in Yueqing, Zhejiang, told the author that 30% of the orders have been pushed out this year. This has never been seen in the factory for more than 20 years. In April, the price of silver soared to more than 10,000 yuan. One kilogram, the factory almost fell, and now the profit is only 5%." Due to financial constraints, the raw silver in the inventory of Tianyin alloy fell from 2 tons to 200 kilograms, often used today to buy tomorrow. The author's investigation found that this problem is common in SMEs in industries such as hardware, cotton spinning, and furniture.

Second, "traditional low-margin manufacturing companies." Enterprises generally reflect the difficulty of survival. The production factors such as labor and raw materials have risen in price, which has turned the meager profits to zero. Textile enterprises, which are the largest traditional industries in Zhejiang Province, are generally facing this problem. At present, the general profit of the textile industry in Zhejiang is still around 5%. Coupled with the difficulty of loans, some enterprises are forced to raise funds from the private sector. The lowest monthly interest rate in Wenzhou is three cents. The interest rate for the year is still 36%, which is the profit of the textile industry. More than 7 times. The profits obtained in the manufacturing industry are not filled with the “pits” of usury, which will eventually force companies to go astray.

The third is “a company with shrinking demand and overcapacity”. The author learned in Wenzhou that there are more than 4,000 local lighter companies at the peak, and there are more than 500 on the eve of the 2008 financial crisis. Today, there are only about 110, and only one-third of the companies that still produce lighters are still in production. . "More bosses just use the company as a financing platform to make it alive." Huang Wenjing, president of the Wenzhou Smoking Industry Association, told the author.

Emerging industries that are blindly switching to traditional industries are also facing overcapacity crisis. According to statistics, the number of enterprises engaged in the research and development and production of LED products in Hangzhou has grown rapidly from 16 in 2000 to 179 in September 2010, more than ten times more, but the demand has not been synchronized with rapid growth. .

Dongguan linghang Hardware Products Factory

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